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Picea rubens (Red Spruce) -scattered
*Picea abies (Norway Spruce) -Hacker Valley etc.
Pinus virginiana (Virginia Pine)
Pinus rigida (Pitch Pine)
Pinus strobus (White
Pine)
Salix occidentalis
(Carolina Willow) -upland opening
*Salix alba (White Willow) -infrequent
Salix nigra (Black Willow)
*Salix
babylonica (Weeping Willow)-Hacker Valley
Populus
grandidentata ( Large-toothed
Aspen) -scattered, often several together
Juglans nigra (Black Walnut) -local in clearings
Juglans cinerea (Butternut) -infrequent, mostly sick or dead
Castanea dentata (American Chestnut) -a few root
sprouts
Fagus
grandifolia (American Beech)-frequent
Carya glabra (Pignut Hickory)
Carya cordiformis (Bitternut Hickory)
Carya ovata (Shagbark Hickory)
Carya tomentosa (Mockernut Hickory)
Carya ovalis (Red Hickory)
Nyssa sylvatica
var sylvatica (Black Gum) -uncommon to frequent
Liriodendron
tulipifera (Tuliptree) -common dominant
Acer negundo (Boxelder)
Acer nigrum (Black Maple)
Acer saccharum (Sugar Maple)
Acer rubrum (Red Maple)
Acer saccharinum (Silver
Maple) -along river
Tilia
americana var heterophylla (White
Basswood) -among dominants in some woods
Prunus
serotina (Black
Cherry) - dominant tree
Ulmus americana (American Elm)
Ulmus rubra (Slippery Elm) -infrequent to more
frequent
Fraxinus
amerricana (White
Ash) -dominant tree
Aesculus octandra (Yellow Buckeye) -frequent
Diospyros
virginiana (Persimmon)
Oxydendron
arboreum (Sourwood)-frequent
*Malus pumila (Apple) -occasional
Malus coronaria (Sweet
Crabapple) -occasional
Asimina
triloba (Paw Paw) -uncommon
to frequent
Acer pensylvanicum (Striped Maple)
Acer spicatum
(Mountain Maple)
Ostrya
virginiana (Hophornbeam)-frequent
Caprinus
caroliniana (Muscletree) -frequent
Cornus alternifolia
(Alternate-leaf Dogwood) -occasional
Cornus florida
(Flowering Dogwood) -frequent
Cornus amomum (Silky Dogwood) -frequent along stream
Hydrangea
arborescens (Wild Hydrangea) -frequent
Sambucus canadensis (Black Elderberry) -occasional
to frequent
Sambucus pubens (Red Elderberry) -occasional, in
flower
Hypericum
prolificum (Shrubby St. Johnswort) -frequent locally
Hypericum densiflorum (Bushy St. Johnswort) -mesic to
low wet places
Crataegus punctata
(Dotted Hawthorn)-frequent
Crataegus
macrosperma (Big Fruit Hawthorn) -frequent
Prunus
pensylvanica (Pin
Cherry) -frequent to local
Prunus americana (American Plum) -frequent
Prunus virginiana (Chokecherry) -occasional
Ribes rotundifolia
(Appalachian Gooseberry)
Ribes cynosbati (Prickly Gooseberry) -infrequent
*Rosa multiflora (Multiflora Rose) -ruderal and in woods
Rosa carolina (Carolina Rose) -occasional
Rosa palustris (Swamp Rose) -infrequent
Rubus odoratus (Flowering Raspberry) -occasional
*Rubus phoenicolasius
(Wine Berry) -ruderal and in
low woods
Rubus
allegheniensis (Allegheny Blackberry) -frequent
Rubus enslenii
(a dewberry)
Rubus occidentalis (Black Raspberry)
Rubus
pensylvanicus (Pennsylvania
Blackberry)
Rubus hispidus (Bristly Blueberry) -locally many
Alnus serrulata (Smooth Alder)-frequent
Salix sericea (Silky
Willow) -open wet areas, stream borders
Salix humilis (Upland Willow) -dry open woods
Rhododendron maximum
(Great Rhododendron) -locally numerous, not in flower
Rhododendron
calendulaceum (Flame Azalea) -dryish upland woods, in flower
Rhododendron
arborescens (Sweet Azalea)-stream banks, infrequent, not in flower
Rhododendron
nudiflorum (Pink Azalea)-open mesic woods,infrequent, in flower
Kalmia latifolia (Mountain Laurel-frequent
Gaylussacia
baccata (Black Huckleberry)
Vaccinium stamineum (Deerberry)
Vaccinium pallidum (Upland Low Blueberry) -frequent, in flower
Vaccinium macrocarpon (Large Cranberry) -locally several
Lyonia ligustrina (Maleberry) -locally numerous or scattered in moist open areas
Smilax bona-nox (Sawbrier)
Epigaea repens
(Trailing Arbutus) -frequent on dry acid banks and in woods
Gaultheria
procumbens (Teaberry)
Aristolochia
macrophylla (Dutchman's Pipevine) -frequent
Clematis
virginiana (Virgin's Bower) -several
in open low ground
Menispermum canadense
(Canada Moonseed) -infrequent
Celastrus
scandens (American
Bittersweet) -infrequent
Smilax
rotundifolia (Common Greenbrier)
Smilax glauca (Catbrier)
Smilax hispida (Hispid Greenbrier)
Vitis aestivalis (Summer Grape) -frequent
Vitis riparia (Riparian Grape) - along streams
Vitis vulpina (Frost Grape) -infrequent
Parthenocissus
quinquefolius (Virginia
Creeper) -frequent
Polypodium
virginianum (Rock
Fern) -capping some rocks in mesic
woods
Thelypteris nove-boracensis (New York Fern) -common
Thelypteris
hexagonoptera (Broad Beech Fern ) -infrequent
Thelypteris
palustris (Marsh Fern) -infrequent
Dryopteris
marginalis (Marginal Shield Fern)
Dryopteris
carthusiana (Spinulose Woodfern) -occasional
Dryopteris
goldiana (Goldie's
Shield Fern) -occasional
Dryopteris
intermedia (Intermediate
Shield Fern) -frequent
Dryopteris
cristata (Crested Shield
Fern) -local in wet ground
Dryopteris
campyloptera (Mountain Woodfern) -under Red Spruce
Osmunda cinnamomea
(Cinnamon Fern)
Osmunda
alaytoniana (Interrupted Fern) -frequent
Osmunda
regalis (Royal Fern) -infrequent
Dennstaedtia punctilobula (Hay-scented Fern) -common
Onoclea sensibilis
(Sensitive Fern) -frequent
Woodsia obtusa (Blunt-lobe Cliff Fern) -infrequent
Asplenium
platyneuron (Ebony
Spleenwort) -occasional to
frequent
Asplenium montanum
(Mountain Spleenworth) infrequent
Athyrium
thelypteroides (Silvery
Glade Fern) -frequent
Athyrium
filix-femina (Ladyfern) -frequent
Athyrium
pycnocarpon (Glade Fern) -very local in rich woods
Botrychium virginianum (Rattlesnake
Fern) -occasional
Botrychium
dissectum (Cut-leaf
Grapefern) -occasional
Adianthum pedatum (Maidenhair Fern) -occasional
Pteridium aqilinum
var latiusculum (Western Bracken Fern) -common locally in open
Polystichum acrostichoides (Christmas Fern) -frequent
Cystopteris
fragilis (Brittle
Bladder Fern) -mesic rock bluff
Cystopteris bulbifera
(Bulbiferous Bladder Fern) -uncommon
on mesic shady bank
Potamogeton
diversifolius (Variable Pondweed) -nfrequent
Potamogeton foliosis (Leafy Pondweed) -infrequent,
quiet water
Sagittaria
latifolia (Wapato, Duck Potato)
Alisma subcordatum (Common Water Plantain) -uncommon
in mud
Arisaema
triphyllum (Jack in the
Pulpit) -frequent
Typha latifolia (Broadleaf Cattail) -colonial in
pool
Arundinaria
gigantea (Giant Cane)
Vallismeria
americana (Eelgrass) -several in Holly River
Digitaria
sanguinalis (Crabgrass) -ruderal
*Eleusine indica (Indian
Goosegrass)
*Poa annua (Annual Bluegrass)
Poa alsodes (Grove Bluegrass)
Poa cuspidata (Early Bluegrass)
Poa autumnalis
(Autumnal Bluegrass)
*Poa compressa
(Canada Bluegrass)
*Poa pratensis (Kentucky Bluegrass)
Danthonia
compressa (Flattened Oatgrass)
Danthonia spicata (Poverty Oatgrass)
Panicum rigidulum (Redtop
Panigrass) -frequent
Panicum anceps (Beaked Panicgrass) -occasional
Panicum acuminatum
(Western Panicgrass)
Panicum boscii (Bosc's
Panicgrass)
Panicum latifolium
(Broadleaf Panicgrass)
Panicum polyanthes
(Small-fruited Panicgrass)
Panicum dichotomum (Cypress
Panicgrass)
Panicum commutatum (Variable Panicgrass)
Panicum laxiflorum (Open-flower Panicgrass)
Panicum virgatum _infrequent
in open, dryish woods
*Festuca elatior (Meadow Fescue)
*Festuca pratensis
(Meadow Fescue)
Festuca rubra (Red Fescue) -frequent
Festuca obtusa (Nodding
Fescue) -frequent in woods
Leersia
virginica (Whitegrass) frequent
Leersia oryzoides (Rice Cutgrass) -wet open ground
*Anthoxanthum
odoratum (Sweet Vernal Grass) -ruderal
Paspalum laeve (Smooth Paspalum) in mowed area
Paspalum setaceum (Bristle-like
Paspalum)
Agrostis hyemalis (Winter Bentgrass) -infrequent
Agrostis perennans
(Perennial Bentgrass) -occasional
*Agrostis gigantea
(Redtop) -wet ditch
*Agrostis
stolonifera (Creeping
Bentgrass) -roadside
Bracyelytrum erectum (Bearded Shorthusk) -frequent
Sphenopholis
nitida (Shiny Wedgegrass) -infrequent, upland woods
Sphenopholis
intermedia (Slender
Wedgegrass) - occasional, mesic
woods
Phalaris
arundinacea (Reed
Canary Grass) -locally several in
open wet areas
Muhlenbergia
schreberi (Nimblewill) -scattered to locally abundant
*Setaria viridis (Green
Bristlegrass) -roadside
*Holcus lanatus (Velvet
Grass) -ruderal
*Lolium
perenne (Perennial
Ryegrass) -ruderal
Carex appalachica-infrequent?
Carex
cephalophora-occasional in upland
Carex convoluta
Carex vulpinoidea-frequent
in meadow
Carex stipata-occasional in swamp
Carex
interior-several in wet soil by stream
Carex amphibola-uncommon
Carex normalis-occasional
Carex scoparia-locally several in meadow, marsh
Carex gynandra
Carex plantaginea
Carex laxiflora
Carex styloflexa
Carex platyphylla
Carex blanda
Carex lurida
Carex pensylvanica
Carex communis
Carex torta
Carex digitalis
Carex prasina
Carex rosea
Carex radiata
Carex gracillima
Carex debilis
Cymophyllus fraseri
(Fraser's
Sedge) -uncommon
Juncus effusus -common
Juncus tenuis var
tenuis-frequent
Yucca filamentosa (Adam's
Needle) -introduced from SE
U.S.A.
Polygonatum pubescens (Hairy Many Knees)
Polygonatum
biflorum (Smooth Many Knees)
Smilacina racemosa (False Solomon's Seal)
Trillium
grandiflorum (Large-flowered Trillium) -locally frequent or scattered
Trillium erectum (Red Trillium) -locally frequent or scattered
Trillium undulatum (Painted Trillium) -occasional
Lilium
philadelphcum (Wood Lily ) -uncommon in dry deciduous woods,
not in flower
Lilium superbum (Turk's Cap Lily) -sveral young in wet meadow, not in
flower
Lilium canadense (Canada Lily) -uncommon in meadow, not in flower
Erythronium
umbilicatum (Dimpled
Troutlily) -frequent
Convallaria
majalus (Lily of the
Valley) -Hacker Valley
Hypoxis hirsuta (Common Goldstar) -infrequent
Allium cernum (Nodding Onion) -infrequent
Allium tricoccum (Ramps) -scattered
*Allium vinale (Wild Garlic) -ruderal
Veratrum viride (False
Hellebore) -locally several
Veratrum
parviflorum (Appalachian Bunchflower) -occasional
Smilax herbacea (Carrion Flower)
Henerocallis sp (a daylily) -ruderal, colonial
Iris cristata
(Dwarf Crested
Iris) -infrequent
Sisyrinchium
angustifolium (Narrowleaf Blue-eyed Grass) -occasional in meadow
Orchis
spectabilis (Showy
Orchis) -rich woods, rare
Goodyera pubescens
(Downy Rattlesnake Plantain)
Cypripedium
acaule (Moccasin
Flower) -infrequent, local
Symphoricarpus
foetidus -locally colonial
?????
Phytolacca
americana (Poke) -occasional to frequent locally
Galax aphylla (Galax) -infrequent
Paronychia
canadensis (Smooth Forked
Nailwort) -dry woods
Paronychia
fastigiata (Hairy Forked Nailwort)
Arenaria serpyllifolia (Thymeleaf Sandwort) -ruderal
Mollugo verticillata
(Green Carpetweed) -ruderal
Asarum canadense (Wild
Ginger) -occasional
Lysimachia
quadrifolia (Whorled
Loosestrife)
Lysimachia
terrestris (Bulbous Loosestrife)
*Lysimachia
nummularia (Moneywort )
Lysimachia ciliata (Fringed Loosestrife)
Pedicularis
canadensis (Lousewort) -several locally
*Polygonum
cuspidatum (Japanese
Knotweed) -locally abundant
*Polygonum caespitosum (Oriental
Lady's Thumb) -common in various places from wet to moist
Polygonum scandens
(Climbing False Buckwheat) -several in a thicket
Polygonum
cristatum -frequent in roadside thickets
Polygonum
persicaria (Spotted Lady's
Thumb) -ruderal
Polygoum punctatum
(Dotted Smartweed) -frequent in
mucky places
Polygonum
pensylvanicum (Pennsylvania
Smartweed) -border of veg. garden
*Polygonum aviculare (Prostrate
Knotweed) -ruderal
Polygonum sagittatum (Arrowleaf Tearthumb) -locally
several
*Rorippa sylvestris
(Creeping Yellow Cress) -in
shallow water and mud
Rorippa islandica (Northern Marsh Yellowcress)
Cardamine diphylla
(Crinkleroot) -frequent in rich woods
Cardamine
cancatenata (Cutleaf
Toothwort) -frequent in rich woods
Cardamine
angustata (Slender Toothwort) -uncommon ?
Cardamine bulbosa (Bulbous Toothwort) -a few in mud
Cardamine
pensylvanica (Pennsylvania Bittercress) -frequent
Cardamine
rotundifolia (American
Bittercress) -by small stream,
Arabis laevigata (Smooth Rockcress)
-occasional to frequent
Arabis glabra (Tower
Rockcress) -infrequent on rocky bluff
*Brassica nigra (Black Mustard) -ruderal
Brassica rapa (Field Mustard) -ruderal
*Brassica napus (Rape)
*Brassica kaber
(Wild
Mustard)
*Draba verna (Spring
Draba) -ruderal
*Capsella
bursa-pastoris (Shepherd's Purse)
Dioscorea
quaternata (Four-leaf Yam) -occasional to
frequent
Portulaca oleracea (Little
Hogweed) -ruderal
Penthorum sedoides (Ditch Stonecrop) -a single plant in a wet
ditch
Cerastium nutans (Nodding
Chickweed) -ruderal
Pilea pumila (Clearweed) -frequent in wet openings
Stellaria media (Common Chickweed)
Stellaria pubera (Star Chickweed)
*Dianthus armeria (Deptford Pink)
*Chenopodium album
(Lambs Quarters) -ruderal
Chenopodium
ambrosioides (Mexican
Tea) -ruderal
*Hesperis matronalis (Dame's
Rocket) -ruderal, common
Amaranthus
hybridus (Slim Amaranth) -ruderal
Mitchella repens (Partridge
Berry) -frequent
Galium aperine (Cleavers)
*Galium vernum
* Galium mollugo (False Baby's Breath)
Galium triflorum (Sweet-scented Bedstraw)
Galium circaezans (Licorice Bedstraw)
Galium lanceolatum (Lanceleaf
Wild Licorice)
Epilobium coloratum (Purple-leaf Willowherb)
Apocynum
cannabinum (Indian Hemp ) -frequent
Apocynum
andrasaemifolium (Spreading
Dogbane) -local
Asclepias syriaca (Common Milkweed) - common
Asclepias exaltata
(Poke Milkweed) -infrequent
Anagalis arvensis (Common Pimpernel)
Callitriche cf.
palustris (Vernal
Water Starwort) -infrequent in quiet
pool
Hepatica americana
(Bluntlobe Hepatica) -infrequent in
rocky woods
Hepatica acutiloba
(Sharplobe Hepatica) -infrequent in
rich woods
*Ranunculus repens
(Creeping Buttercup) -several in
wet ditch
*Ranunculus acris (Tall Buttercup) -ruderal, in field
*Ranunculus
bulbosa (Bulbous
Buttercup) -ruderal, in field
Mitella diphylla (Miterwort) -occasional
Tiarella
cordifolia (Foamflower ) -frequent in moist rocky areas
Saxifraga
micrathidifolia (Water
Lettuce) -in a rocky seep
Saxifraga
virginiensis (Early Saxifrage) -on rocky ledge
Chrysosplenium americanum (Golden
Saxifrage) -frequent in mucky streams, pools
Jeffersonia
diphylla (Twinleaf) -uncommon in open rocky woods
*Sida spinosa (Prickly
Fanpetals) -ruderal
Oxalis grandis (Great Yellow Woodsorrel) -stream
terrace
Oxalis montana (White Woodsorrel) -woods
Oxalis stricta (Upright
Yellow Woodsorrel) -open
Fragaria virginica
(Virginia Strawberry) -frequent
Fragaria vesca (Woodland Strawberry) -occasional to
frequent
Hypericum
canadense (Lesser
Canadian St. Johnswort) -vegetative, in open moist groumd
Hypericum mutilum
(Dwarf St. Johnswort) -locally
frequent in wetland
*Hypericum perforatum (Common St. Johnswort) -frequent locally
Trautvetteria
caroliniensis (Tasselrue) -occasional along
streams
Euonymus
americanus (Bursting
Heart)
Triadenum sp.
(A St. Johnswort) -few in mud
Geranium
carolinianum (Carolina Geranium) -ruderal, frequent
Geranium maculatum (Spotted Geranium) -frequent
Monarda fistulosa (Wild Bergamot ) -frequent
Monada didyma (Scarlet Beebalm) -frequent
Monarda clinopodia
(White Bergamot) - frequent
Mentha arvensis (Wild Mint) -occasional in moist
to wet ground
*Mentha piperita (Pepermint)
*Mentha spicata (Spearmint) -Hacker Valley
Hedeoma
pulegioides (Pennyroyal ) -several plants on open wooded slope
*Trifolium hybridum (Alsike Clover) -ruderal
*Trifolium aureum (Golden
Clover) -ruderal
*Trifolium
campestre (Field Clover) -ruderal
*Trifolium repens (White Clover)
*Trifolium pratense (Red
Clover)
*Potentilla recta (Sulfur Cinquefoil) -ruderal
Potentilla
norvegica (Norwegian
Cinquefoil) -old pasture
Potentilla simplex
(Common Cinquefoil) -frequent
Potentilla
canadensis (Dwarf Cinquefoil )
Geum vernum (Spring Avens) -infrequent, in
flower
Waldsteinia fragarioides (Appalachian
Barren Strawberry) -infrequent
Aruncus dioicus (Goat's Beard) -occasional
Corydalis sempervirens (Rock
Harlequin) -infrequent
Corydalis flvula (Yellow
Harlequin) -infrequent
Dicentra
canadensis (Squirrel Corn)
Dicentra
cuccularia (Dutchman's
Breeches) -frequent and generally local
Podophyllum
peltatum (Mayapple) -common
Caulophyllum
thalictroides (Blue Cohosh) -frequent
Actaea pachypoda (White Baneberry) -infrequent
Cimicifuga
racemosa (Black
Cohosh) -frequent
Thalictrum dioicum (Early Meadowrue) -frequent
Thalictrum pubescens (Tall
Meadowrue) -frequent to occasional
Sanguinaria
canadensis (Bloodroot) -frequent
Hydrastis
canadensis (Goldenseal) -locally several
Aconitum uncinatum (Southern Blue Monk's Hood) -uncommon
on flood plain
Sedum ternatum
(Woodland Stonecrop) -frequent
in moist rocky places
Delphinium
tricorne (Dwarf Larkspur) -infrequent in rich woods
Monotropa uniflora
(Indian Pipe) -occasional
Oenothera biennis (Common Evening Primrose) -ruderal, frequent
Oenothera
parviflora -ruderal,
infrequent
*Veronica arvensis (Corn
Speedwell) -ruderal
*Veronica
officinalis (Common Speedwell) -ruderal
*Veronica
hederaefolia (Ivy-leaf
Speedwell) -ruderal
*Rumex
obtusifolius (Bitter
Dock)
*Rumex crispus (Curly Dock) -ruderal
*Rumex acetosella (Common Sheep Sorrel ) -roadside
Claytonia
caroliniana (Carolina Spring Beauty )
Claytonia
virginica (Virginia Spring
Beauty) -scattered to common in moist
woods and open ground, stream terraces, plants mostly decayed
Rhexia virginica (Meadow Beauty) -two plants in open wet ground
Impatiens pallida (Pale
Jewelweed) - common, not in flower
Impatiens capensis (Spotted
Jewelweed) -common, not in flower
Hydrophyllum
canadense (Bluntleaf
Waterleaf) -locally numerous
Hydrophyllum
virginianum (Virginia
Waterleaf) -frequent
Verbascum thapsus (Common Mullein) -ruderal
Aristolochia
serpentaria (Virginia Snakeroot) -infrequent ?
*Plantago major (Common Plantian) -ruderal
*Plantago
lanceolata (Narrowleaf
Plantain) -ruderal
Viola palmata (Early Blue Violet)
Viola rotundifolia
(Roundleaf Violet)
Viola rostrata (Long-spurred Viole)
Viola pubescens (Downy
Yellow Violet)
Viola hastata (Halberd-leaf Violet)
Viola blanda (Sweet White Violet)
Viola cucculata (Marsh Blue Violet)
Viola sagittata (Arrowleaf Violet)
Viola
macloskeyi var pallens (Smooth White Violet)
Viola sororia (Common Blue Violet )
Viola primulifolia
(Primrose-leaf VIolet)
Viola
appalachiensis (Appalachian
Violet) -old pasture or field
Viola rafinesquii (Field Pansy) -frequent in a field
Viola striata (Striped
Violet)
Viola conspersa (Dog Violet)
Hybanthus concolor
(Green Violet) -several plants on open wooded slope
*Glechoma
hederacea (Ground
Ivy) -ruderal
Lechea racemulosa (Illinois Pinweed) -dry rocky woods
Osmorhiza
longistylis (Smooth
Sweet Cicely) -frequent
Osmorhiza claytoni
(Hairy Sweet Cicely )
Zizia aptera (Golden Alexanders)
Zizia trifoliata (Meadow
Alexanders) -occasional
Thaspium
trifoliatum (Purple
Meadow Parsnip) -in large populations to scattered
Thaspium barbinode
(Hairy Joint Meadow Parsnip) -frequent
*Thaspium arvense ?
*Thaspium
perfoliatum ?
Taenidia
integerrima (Yellow
Pimpernel) -infrequent
*Conium maculatum
(Poison Hemlock) -ruderal
Cicuta maculata (Spotted Water Hemlock ) -occasional in mud
*Daucus carota (Queen Anne's Lace)
Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides (Lawn Marshpennywort) -in small mats in
shallow roadside ditch
*Dipsacus
sylvestris (Teasel) -infrequent, Hacker Valley
Senecio aureus (Golden Ragwort) -common
Senecio
obovatus (Roundleaf Ragwort ) -infrequent
*Arctium minus (Lesser
Burdock) -roadside
*Taraxicum minus (Dandelion ?) -frequent
*Taraxicum
officinalis (Dandelion ) -frequent
*Tussalago farfara (Coltsfoot) -ruderal
Hieracium lanatum
(Leafy Hawkweed) -occasional
Antennaria solitaria (Singlehead Pussytoes) -colonies
in dryish sterile soil
Antennaria
plantaginifoia (Plantain-leaf Pussytoes) -colonies in dryish
sterile soil
Antennaria
neglecta (Field Pussytoes) -colonies in dryish sterile soil
Ambrosia trifida (Great
Ragweed) -ruderal
Ambrosia artemissaefolia (Common
Ragweed) -ruderal
Aster pilosus (Hairy
Aster)
Aster
lanceolatus var simplex
Aster cordifolius (Blue Wood Aster)
Aster lateriflorus (Calico Aster)
Aster divaricatus (White Wood
Aster)
Ater prenanthoides
(Crooked-stem aster) -common in
moist to wet places
Aster macrophyllus
(Large-leaf Aster) -locally several
Verbesina
alternifolia (Wingstem) -frequent
Verbesina occidentalis (Yellow Crownbeard) -occasional
Eupatorium rugosum
(White Snakeroot)
Hieracium venosum
(Rattlesnake Weed) -occasional
Hieracium paniculatum (Panicled
Hawkweed) -occasional
Hieracium gronovii
(Queen Devil) -occasional
*Hieracium pilosella
(Mouseear Hawkweed) -locally dense
Lactuca canadensis
(Wild Lettuce) -frequent
Coreopsis major
(Greater Tickseed) -frequent
Solidago
flexicaulis (Zigzag Goldenrod ) -locally several
Solidago caesia (Wreath Goldenrod) -occasional to frequent
Solidago curtisii (Curtis Goldenrod) -occasional
Tsuga canadensis (Canada Hemlock) - common
Juniperus
virginiana (Red
Cedar) -scattered
Betula lenta (Black Birch) -common
Betula
alleghaniensis (Yellow
Birch) -common
Betula nigra (River Birch) -along river
Quiercus
muhlenbergii (Chinquapin Oak) - occasional
Quercus prinus (Chestnut Oak ) - common
Quercus rubra (Northern Red Oak) - common
Quercus alba (White Oak) -common
Quercus velutina (Black
Oak) - common
Quercus coccinea (Scarlet Oak) i common
Platanus
Occidentalis (Sycamore) -
frequent
Robimia
pseudoacacia (Black Locust) - frequent
Magnolia acuminata
(Cucumbertree) - frequent
Magnolia fraseri (Fraser's Magnolia) - frequent
Magnolia tripetala (Umbrellatree) -locally frequent to scattered
Sassafras albidum (Sassafras ) - frequent
Amelanchier
arborea (Downy Serviceberry) -common
Amelanchier laevis
(Smooth Serviceberry) -occasional
Pyrularia pubera
(Buffalonut) -occasional
Ilex opaca (American Holly) - occasional
Ilex montana (Mountain Holly) -occasional to
frequent
Ilex verticillata
(Winterberry Holly) - locally
several
Viburnum acerifolium (Maple-leaf Viburnum) -occasional
Viburnum
alnifolium (Witch Hobble) -occasional to frequent locally
Aralia spinosa (Devil's Walkingstick) -frequent
Hamamelis
virginiana (Witch Hazel ) -common
Lindera benzoin (Spicebush) - locally several
Rhus typhina (Staghorn
Sumac) - frequent
Rhus glabra (Smooth Sumac) - frequent
Rhus copallina (Shining Sumac) - occasional
*Elaeagnus
umbellata (Autumn Olive) -
Frequent
Corylus cornuta (Beaked
Hazelnut) -locally several
Corylus americana (American
Hazelnut) -locally several
*Lonicera Morrowii
(Morrow's Honeysuckle) -frequent
*Lonicera
japonica (Japanese Honeysuckle) -frequent
*Vinca minor (Lesser Periwinkle) -forming dense
ground cover locally
Rhus radicans (Poison
Ivy) -common
Parthenocissus
quinquefolius (Virginia Creeper) -frequent
Selaginella apoda (Meadow Spikemoss) - infrequent
*Phleum pratense (Timothy) -old field
*Dactylis
glomerata (Orchard Grass) -ruderal
Bromus purgans (Hairy Woodland Brome) - occasional to frequent
*Bromus inermis (Smooth
Brome) -colonial in open areas
*Bromus japonicus (Japanese Brome, actually European ) - ruderal
Bromus sterilis (Poverty
Brome) - forming large populations in open areas
*Bromus tectorum (Cheatgrass) -forming dense
populations to scattered
Andropogon
virginicus var virginicus (Broomsedge ) -frequent
Andropogon
scoparius (little
Bluestem) - scattered
Andropogon
gerardii (Big Bluestem) -occasional
Glyceria
striata (Fowl
Mannagrass) - frequent
Glyceria melicaria (Melic Mannagrass) - locally dense
*Microsegium vimineum
(Stilt Grass) - common in many areas
Luzula echinata
(Hedgehog Woodrush) - frequent
locally
Luzula acuminata
(Hairy Woodrush) - occasional to
frequent
Medeola virginiana
(Indian Cucumberroot) - frequent
Maianthemum canadense (Canada Mayflower) -common in cool moist
woods (Hemlock, Birch etc.)
Disporum
lanuginosum (Hairy Disporum)
Clintonia
umbellata (White Clintonia ) - occasional 9in oak-hickery woods
Narcissus sp.
Aureolaria
laevigata ????
Polgonum virginianum
(Virginia Knotweed) -frequent
Asarum canadense (Wild
Ginger) -local
Salvia lyrata (Lyre-leaf Sage) - frequent
Boehmeria
cylindrica (False Nettle) -
frequent
Laportea canadensis
(Wood Nettle) -frequent
*Cerastium viscosum (Mouseear Chickweed) - ruderal
Oxalis montana (White Woodsorrel) - frequent
Oxalis stricta (Upright Yellow Woodsorrel) - frequent
Circaea
quadrisulcata (Enchanter's
Nightshade) - occasional to frequent
Hedyotis caerulea (Small Bluets) - common in places
Phlox divaricata (Wild
Blue Phlox) -infrequent
Phlox subulata (Creeping Phlox) - roadsides
Heuchera americana
(American Alumroot) - on rocky cliff
Anemone quinquefolia (Wood
Anemone) -common
Anemone virginian
(Thimbleweed) - frequent
Parnassia
asarifolia (Kidney-leaf Grass of
Parnassus) -infrequent or rare
Phoradendron leucarpum (Oak Mistletoe) - apparently uncommon
Epifagus virginiana
(Beechdrops) - frequent
Conopholis
americana (American Cancerroot) - occasional
Ludwigia palustris (Marsh Seedbox) - frequent in
still shallow water
Prunella vulgaris (Selfheal, both native and introduced varieties) -frequent
Elsholtzia ciliata
(Crested Late Summer Mint ) -a few plants near River
Elsholtzia
lathyrus ??-infrequent on
rocky slope
Pycnanthemum
flexuosum (Appalachian
Mountain Mint) - population in field
Pycnanthemum
pycnanthemoides (Southern
Mountain Mint) -occasional on road banks
Lycopus americanus (Water Horehound) - determined vegetatively
Lycopus uniflorus (Northern Bugleweed) - with tubers
Lycopus virginicus (Virginia Water Horehound) -infrequent
Euphorbia corollata
(Flowering Spurge ) -infrequent
*Leonurus cardiaca
(Common Mothrewort) -ruderal
Calllitriche
heterophylla (Larger
Water Starwort) -a few plants in
a quiet pool
Anaphalis
margaritacea (Pearly
Everlasting) - occasional in open dry areas
Cunila origanoides (Dittany) -infrequent
Erienia bulbosa (Harbinger of Spring) - locally
frequent
Cryptotaenia
canadensis (Honewort) -
frequent
Angelica triquinata
(Filmy Angelica) - occasional to frequent
Angelica venenosa (Hairy
Angelica) - infrequent
Aralia nudicaulis
(Wild Sarsaparilla) - frequent
Aralia racemosa (American
Spikenard) - infrequent
Panax trifolius (Dwarf Ginseng) -occasional
Panax
quinquefolius (American Ginseng) -infrequent
*Chrysanthemum
leucanthemum (Ox-eye Daisy) - ruderal
Achillea
millefolium (Yarrow) -ruderal
Erigeron
philadelphicus (Philadelphia Fleabane) - frequent
Erigeron annuus
(Daisy Fleabane) - frequent
Erigeron
pulchellus (Robin's Plantain) - forming local colonies
Erigeron strigosus
(Whitetop) - frequent
Deldinia concentrica
Diatrype stigma
Dibotrya morbosa-common
parasite on Prunus
Disciotis venosa
Entoloma vernum
Exidia glandulosa
Flammulina
velutipes
Fomes fomentarius
Galerina autumnalis
Ganoderma
applanatum
Ganoderma tsugae
Glaeophyllum
sapiarium
Gyromitra brunnea (1)
Hyphaloma
fasciculare
Inonotus obliquus
Lentinus strigosus
Marasmius rotula
Marasmuis sp.
Mitrula elegans
Morchella elata
Morchella
esculenta (1)
Morchella semilibera
Mycena haematopis
Mycena leaiana
Mycena pura
Mycena sp.
Nolanea verna
Panaeolus foenisecii
Panellus stipticus
Peziza sp.
Phellinus rimosus
Pholiota veris
Pleurotus ostreatus
Psathyrella
candollleana
Psathyrella delineata
Psathyrella
velutina
Psathyrella sp.
Sarcoscypha
coccinea-striking scarlet cups
Sarcoscypha
occidentalis-striking scarlet cups
Stereum ostrea
Tremella
mesenterica
Trichaptum biforme
Tricholomopsis
platyphylla
Rticholomopsis rutilans
Urnula craterium
Ustulina deusta
Xeromphalina
campanella
Xeromphalina
tenuipes
Xylaria polymorpha
Tiger Swallowtail (Papilio glaucas)
Spring Azure (Celastrinna "ladon")
1/2 doz, millipedes (those with brown almost cylindrical
bodies hidden in rotting plant
debris here
large black ants
living under flat rocks in open
oak-hickory
Slimy Salamander (Plethodon glutinosus )
Red-backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus)
Spring Salamander (Gyrinophorus porphyriticus)
Dusky Salamander (Desmognatus fuscus)
Red-spotted Newt (Notophthalmus viridescens)
Mud Puppy (Nekturus maculosus)
Wood Frog (Rana sylvatica) (1)
Eastern Garter Snake
(Thamnophis sirtalis)
(1)
Eastern Box Turtle (
Terapene carolina ) (2)
Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura) (a few)
Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo
jamaicensis) (1)
Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus) (1)
Mourning Dove (Zenaida
macroura )
Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor ) (a few)
American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos ) (a few)
Raven (Corvus corax) (2)
Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata ) (2)
European Starling ( Sturnus
vugaris) (a few)
Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius
phoeniceus) (2-3)
Ameican Robin (Turdus
migratorius ) (a few)
Tufted Titmouse (Baeolophus bicolor )
Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina) (1)
Black and White Warbler (Minotilta
varia ) (1)
Ruby-crowned Kinglet
(Regulus calendula )
Star-nosed Mole (Condylura cristata) -sighted
Black Bear (Ursus americanus ) - scat / tracks
Raccoon (Procyon
lotor ) - scat / tracks
Red Squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus ) -sighted
Gray Squirrel (Sciurus
griseus) -sighted
Groundhog (Marmota monax) -sighted
Meadow Vole (Microtus
pennsylvanicus) -runs, tunnels
Woodland Vole (Microtus
pinetorum) -runs, tunnels
Eastern Cottontail ( Sylvilagus floridanus ) -sighted
White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) -sighted
Cardwell, Dudley H., Robert B. Erwin, Herbert P. Woodward and Charles W. Lutz (1968) Geologic Map of West Virginia, slightly revised in 1986. West Virginia Geologi and Economic Survey, Morgantown, West Virginia.
Strausbaugh, P. D. and Earl L. Core (1977) Flora of West Virginia, second eddition. Seneca Books, Inc., Grantsville, West Virginia